Marine Institute
SeaRover Dive Video

D463 Transect 16 Steep carbonate and cobbles/boulders with stalked crinoids/mixed corals, patchy xenophyophores/sea pens. Features of Interest: canyon, escarpments Water Depth: 2204-1901 m

Highlights: Antipatharian with chirostylids Antipatharians & starfish Antipatharians and sea pens Vase-shaped hexactinellid sponge

At the foot of the slope at approximately 2170 m the substrate is that of mixed sediment. There is a lot of marine snow which continued throughout this site. The fauna is dominated by ophiuroids and small white echinoids with occasional holothurians and stalked crinoids. There is evidence of bioturbation. The slope consists of areas carbonate sediment interspersed with areas of mixed sand. The carbonate substrate forms terraces, cliffs and pavements; it is on occasion overlaid with a fine layer of sediment. On all substrates small to medium rocks occur, sometimes forming the predominant substrate type.

On carbonate substrate stalked crinoids are common throughout, brisingids are occasionally very common where there are rocks or boulders. Ophiuroids and a variety of holothurians are present throughout the site. Midway along the slope corals species occur, these included Leiopathes sp., Parantipathes sp. A variety of sea pens also occur throughout the slope. Moving over the top of the slope in mixed sediment the fauna is dominated by xenophyophores and sea pens, holothurians and corals such as Bathypathes sp., Leiopathes sp. and Antipathes sp. are present. Stalked crinoids and brisingids also occur here.

START VIDEO [00:00:00]/[17:59:35] [1] Dive starts properly after [00:01:00]. Area is mixed mud and pebbles. Ophiomusa lymaniand white echinoids (OTU559) are abundant. [00:04:00] Similar to T37 there is an aggregation of juvenile/small jellyfish (black/red) which the ROV passes through. [00:13:00] [2] areas of sloping carbonate or boulders are mosaicked with mixed mud and pebbles. Stalked crinoids, especially Porphyrocrinus thalassae, and O. lymani dominate hard and mixed substrates respectively. [00:18:00] [3] An extended area of O. lymani on mixed substrate, a couple of carbonate protrusions and rare cobbles/boulders are not heavily colonised. [00:34:00] [4] Landscape steeper, geogenic reef of cobbles/boulders and sloping carbonate. Mixed stalked crinoids dominate, with mixed erect corals (gorgonians/antipatharians). [00:48:00] [5] still on a steep slope, the mixed sediment dominates with xenophyophores (Syringammina fragilissima) and seapens especially cf. Anthoptilum sp. (OTU1107) both abundant. Sparse boulders continue with little associated fauna. [00:52:00]-[01:08:00] stopped to sample cf. Anthoptilum sp and two pushcores. [01:10:00]-[01:13:00] stopped for imagery of Leiopathes sp and litter entangled (DHL). [01:21:00] [6] dense cobbles and boulders on steep slope, mosaicked with areas of steep carbonate. Again stalked crinoids and mixed corals dominate, although here Anacalypsicrinus nefertiti and uncoiled Stichopathes sp . (OTU560) are the most prolific species. [01:27:00] [7] the slope is still steep, mixed mud and pebbles host sea pens (especially Halipteris cf. finmarchica) and Acanella arbuscula, with continued mixed corals, stalked crinoids and sponges on boulders. [01:29:00] [8] fewer boulders, xenophyophores and seapens are dominant, although Acanella arbuscula is also still abundant. Images reveal that cup corals are very abundant also but these are unclear from the video. [01:32:00] [9] boulders and cobbles denser, with mixed corals, sponges and stalked crinoids, while the mixed substrate is dominated by sea pens, cup corals still abundant in images. [01:47:00] Stop for imagery until END VIDEO [01:49:00]/[19:48:49].

Progression Start Duration Code Name
1[00:00:00]00:13:00M.AtLB.Mx.SurOph.OphCerOphiomusa lymani and cerianthid anemone assemblage on Atlantic lower bathyal mixed sediment
2[00:13:01]00:05:57M.AtUA.RoAtlantic upper abyssal rock and other hard substrata
3[00:18:59]00:15:58M.AtLB.Mx.SurOph.OphCerOphiomusa lymani and cerianthid anemone assemblage on Atlantic lower bathyal mixed sediment
4[00:34:58]00:13:14M.AtUA.RoAtlantic upper abyssal rock and other hard substrata
5[00:48:13]00:33:14M.AtLB.Mx.XenCom.SyrFraSyringammina fragilissima field on Atlantic lower bathyal mixed sediment
6[01:21:28]00:06:05M.AtUA.RoAtlantic upper abyssal rock and other hard substrata
7[01:27:34]00:01:45M.AtMB.Mu.SpnMegSea pens and burrowing megafauna on Atlantic mid bathyal mud
8[01:29:20]00:02:36M.AtLB.Mx.XenCom.SyrFraSyringammina fragilissima field on Atlantic lower bathyal mixed sediment
9[01:32:02]00:17:12M.AtUA.RoAtlantic upper abyssal rock and other hard substrata

Foraminifera
Syringammina fragilissima : 261 : O
Porifera
Asconema sp. : 1038 : R
Asconema sp. (Porifera massive globose 14) : 650 : R
cf. Polymastia boletiformis : 1030 : O
Geodia cf. atlantica (Porifera massive lobose sp. 6) : 83 : O
cf. Geodia baretti (Porifera massive globose sp. 11) : 601 : R
Porifera cup 2 : 535 : O
Porifera encrusting sp. 1 (white) : 1 : R
Porifera globose (muddy) : 1128 : R
Porifera globose lobose : 1178 : O
Porifera lamellate (bubbles) : 1156 : R
Porifera lamellate (indet. white) : 1177 : O
Porifera lamellate sp. 13 : 1053 : O
Porifera massive lobose sp. 18 (cf. Farrea sp. ) : 576 : O
Blue Porifera encrusting : 800 : R
Cnidaria
Actiniaria sp. 20 : 605 : O
Actinernus michaelsarsi : 554 : R
Actinoscyphiidae sp. 1 (pink) : 1047 : R
Actinostolidae sp. 1 : 132 : O
Adamsia sp. : 1066 : R
Phelliactis sp. 1 : 255 : O
Antipatharia sp. 4 cf. Stauropathes : 592 : O
Stichopathes sp. : 560 : O
Leiopathes sp. : 305 : R
Bathypathes sp. (brown) : 284 : R
Bathypathes sp. 1 : 328 : O

Parantipathes sp. : 1042 : O
Parantipathes sp. (branched) : 1161 : O
Stauropathes arctica : 547 : F
Telopathes sp. : 1043 : R
Caryophyllidae/Fabellidae (indet.) : 1058 : F
Flabellum sp. : 1056 : R
Zoanthidea sp. : 1149 : R
Anthomastus grandiflorus : 278 : R
Chrysogorgidae sp. 1 : 1008 : C
cf. Clavulariidae sp. : 289 : R
Acanella arbuscula : 585 : F
Lepidisis sp. : 557 : O
Paramuricea sp. : 1050 : O
cf. Thouarella sp. : 1086 : R
Anthoptilum sp. : 1107 : F
Halipteris cf. finmarchica : 622 : F
Pennatula aculeata : 1046 : F
Scyphozoa (indet.) : 1134 : R
Arthropoda
Paguridae sp. : 205 : R
Mysida (indet) : 1026 : R
Colossendeis sp. 1 : 1059 : O
Mollusca
cf. Grimpoteuthis sp. : 1176 : R
Echinodermata
Bathycrinidae sp. 1 : 1041 : F
Bathycrinidae sp. 2 cf. Porphyrocrinus thalassae : 1045 : F
Democrinus sp. : 1103 : O
Anachalypsicrinus nefertiti : 1031 : F

Crinoidea sp. 1 : 131 : O
Asteronyx loveni : 471 : R
Ophiomusa lymani : 551 : C
Brisingidae sp. : 274 : F
Pseudarchaster sp. 1 : 433 : R
cf. Henricia sp. (deep) : 1154 : R
Solaster endeca : 573 : R
Asteroidea (cf. Ceramaster/Hymenaster, red/pink)"" : 1173 : R
Asteroidea sp. (pink deep sediment) : 1171 : R
Echinidae sp. (white) : 559 : O
Echinoidea sp. 5 : 572 : O
cf. Psolus sp. : 1049 : R
cf. Amperima sp. : 628 : R
Peniagone sp. : 1167 : R
Benthogone sp. : 432 : F
Mesothuria intestinalis : 536 : R
Holothuroidea sp. (pink deep) : 1179 : O
Chordata
Leucoraja sp. : 1067 : R
Synaphobranchus kaupii : 440 : R
Gaidropsarus argentatus : 174 : R
Coryphaenoides armatus : 1105 : O
Coryphaenoides guentheri : 577 : O
Polyacanthonotus rissoanus : 552 : O
cf. Rouleina attrita : 1074 : O
Zoarcidae sp. 2 : 291 : O

Number of species = 77

© Marine Institute, MERC Consultants, Bernard Picton 2022